Very often it is compressed into blocks or bricks, which need to be soaked before using. White coir, harvested from unripe coconuts, is used for making finer brushes, string, rope and fishing nets. The processing of coco husks to obtain coco coir involves a series of steps including aging, washing, rinsing, buffering, drying, grinding, grading, and compressing. Coir Coconut Fiber Production. crime, offence; fault, transgression (used mainly in negative, of state) harm The coir are fibres derived from the fruit of the coconut tree as it is basically made of the mesocarp which is a part of the fruit and not the seed. Coir (pronounced COY-er) comes from coconuts. It will remain loose, even when dry, and will last for years. Coir fibre is obtained from the Outer layer of the fruit of Coconut tree (Cocos Nucifera L). Coir comes from the shell and fibers of coconuts. Coir pH usually runs 6 – 6.7, close to neutral. Coir. The husk is processed into small pieces and pressed under hot pressure into boards. Strong water resistant fibers cover the inner fruit of the coconut. [2] Coir fiber extracted from the common coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) combined with plant resins obtained from black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) and castor plant (Ricinus communis) were used to produce molded components and flat sheets in experimental process. Coir is also used as a soil amendment. Corrections? You're probably most familiar with it as those stiff, scratchy doormats and the fibrous liners used in hanging baskets. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Textile and garment manufacturing was among the more lucrative industries from the mid-1990s until the 2005 expiry of an import quota regime in international textile trade left factories in the Maldives unable to compete. Strong water resistant fibres cover the inner fruit of the coconut. Coir fiber is obtained from the bristles of the outer layer of the fruit of the Coconut tree and is 100% biodegradable. It's what makes up the fibrous husks of the inner shell of the coconut and is used for all sorts of products, including rugs, ropes, brushes, and even upholstery stuffing. Coir is a lignocellulosic fiber obtained from the fibrous mesocarp of coconuts, the fruit of coconut trees (Cocos nucifera) cultivated extensively in tropical countries. It is a natural fibre extracted from the husk of coconut and used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes and mattresses. The milky … The husk (exocarp) of the coconut consists of a smooth waterproof outer skin (epicarp) and fibrous zone (mesocarp). Coir is very rot-resistant, making it perfect for outdoor products. You may find it labeled as coir-peat, coco-peat, coir fiber pith, coir dust, and other similar-sounding brand names. Coir improves air porosity in soils, even when wet, as well as improving moisture retention. Besides being used as a liner for hanging baskets, coir's most common use is as potting soil or an ingredient of potting mixes. The fibers create a textured surface that allow for the removal of … For a coconut by-product, coir takes a good amount of effort to get to market. Coir Mats are woven with coir fiber yarns providing strength, environmental friendliness and functional longevity in excess of three years In gardening, porosity refers to your soil's permeability to both air and water. Latex was mixed with chemicals like stabilizers, accelerators, etc., before spraying on the coir. India and Sri Lanka are the main countries where coir is Dark brown coir is from the familiar mature coconuts, but there is also a white version. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Coconuts probably originated somewhere in Indo-Malaya and are one of the most important crops of the tropics. A … Both are excellent in trapping air in the soil, air that will benefit plant roots. To turn your coir brick into a loamy texture, you will need to soak it. 3 views You may not know this but the husk of the coconut, also known as coir, is made into many products that are used daily like carpets, ropes, door mats, mattresses, car seat covers, brushes, bristles, etc. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Coir goes by many names. Coir, seed-hair fibre obtained from the outer shell, or husk, of the coconut, the fruit of Cocos nucifera, a tropical plant of the Arecaceae (Palmae) family. It is also important to note that weights obtained for sub-criteria indicate their priority value. The leaves are used for thatching and the trunk is used for roof beam and bridges. Coconut, fruit of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), a tree of the palm family (Arecaceae). ... 100,000 seedlings are obtained from a kg of seed depending upon source of seed and nursery efficiency. A big bag of coconut husk … Continue reading Coconut Husks Are Unbelievably Useful. Coir (/ ˈ k ɔɪər /), or coconut fibre, is a natural fibre extracted from the outer husk of coconut and used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes and mattresses. These are easy to transport and bulk up quickly and easily, for use. Coir retains water in the long run better than such growing mediums as perlite and rock wool, which suggests it will retain water longer in the garden as well. Coir absorbs 30 percent more water than peat and is much easier to re-wet, when dry. Coir fibre is obtained from the Outer layer of the fruit of Coconut tree (Cocos Nucifera L). Coir is obtained from the fruit of the coconut tree. You can see the pith in citrus fruit as the white spongy material. You can use coir to amend any soil. This coir fibre is mainly produced from the coconut husks and is typically used for making floor mats, brushes and gunny bags or sacks and ropes. The fibrous layer forms a strong, shock-absorbing mesh which protects the seed from mechanical damage and is water-resistant. They are resistant to abrasion and can be dyed. With trees, pith eventually converts into the xylem. Coir is slower to decompose, so it lasts longer in the soil. Abstract Coir is a versatile lignocellulosic fiber obtained from coconut trees (Cocos nucifera) and is available in large quantities, in the order of 5 million tons a year globally. The husk of the coconut is separated for the production of boards. It takes a machine to compact it back into a brick. An 11-pound (5 kilograms) brick (about 12.5x12.5x8 inches or 32x32x20 centimeters) will make approximately 16 gallons (60 liters) of coir. In most areas coir is a by-product of copra production, and the husks are left on the fields as a mulch or used as fertilizer because of high potash content. The coir are fibres derived from the fruit of the coconut tree as it is basically made of the mesocarp which is a part of the fruit and not the seed. Coco coir quality. Marie Iannotti is an author, photographer, and speaker with 27 years of experience as a Cornell Cooperative Extension Horticulture Educator and Master Gardener, The Spruce uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. You may also find bags or bales of coir. Ijuk is a tree fiber naturally grown on sugar palm trees is at the top rank followed by coir, a fruit fiber. The rubber sprayed on the fibre helped in binding the coir fibre together resulting in continuous sheets of rubberized coir which were cut to the required size. Mesocarp fibres are the source of coir. It is also becoming increasingly popular as a potting mix and organic soil amendment. They are used to make brushes, are woven into matting, and are spun into yarns for marine cordage and fishnets. Place the brick in a large container. This outer layer is called the coconut husk. It is a natural fibre extracted from the husk of coconut and used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes and mattresses. The fibrous layer forms a strong, shock-absorbing mesh which protects the seed from mechanical damage and is water-resistant. Coir Mats are woven with coir fiber yarns providing strength, environmental friendliness and functional longevity in excess of three years Cut (chopped) fibre is used in hydro mulching or hydro seeding mixtures in growing plants in the agriculture industry, preferably in professional growing mediums. The coconut fruit is a large oval shaped fruit with a fiber husk and a hard shell that encloses the edible meat and milky fluid. Coir fibres are extracted from the husks surrounding the coconut (Figure 1). The husk (exocarp) of the coconut consists of a smooth waterproof outer skin (epicarp) and fibrous zone (mesocarp). 2 Ripe coconuts are husked immediately, but unripe coconuts may be seasoned for a month by spreading them in … Once harvested, it’s not coming back anytime soon. As an adjective coir is just, proper. Coir tends to compact, which will come as no surprise to anyone who has handled a coir brick. Coir is its name, and it plays a big part in the world of natural fibers. Toddy obtained from coconut tree is a beverage. The coir pith gets washed, heat-treated, sieved to remove large particles, and graded. As nouns the difference between kapok and coir is that kapok is a silky fibre obtained from the silk-cotton tree used for insulation and stuffing for pillows, mattresses, etc while coir is justice, equity or coir can be nearness, proximity or coir can be . By using The Spruce, you accept our, Sphagnum Moss: What It Is and How to Use It, Vermiculite: What It Is and How to Use It, 10 Tips for Watering Plants Growing in Containers, The Difference Between Potting Soil and Potting Mix, Understanding Clay Soil and How to Improve It, How to Grow and Care for Chinese Money Plant. Plants need both air and water in order to survive and grow, so making sure the porosity is appropriate for your plant is important. The inner white flesh of the fruit inside is covered by brown hard kernel. The outer husks are soaked until the fibers can be separated and then cleaned. Some manufacturers also dye the fibers. Sri Lanka is the centre of coir preparation, with hand processing, believed to produce a superior fibre, concentrated in the southwestern part of the island. Then they have to be sorted and graded by size. Since coir is organic and sterile, it's an excellent choice for starting seeds. The coarse, stiff, reddish brown fibre is made up of smaller threads, each about 0.01 to 0.04 inch (0.03 to 0.1 centimetre) long and 12 to 24 microns (a micron is about 0.00004 inch) in diameter, composed of lignin, a woody plant substance, and cellulose. Other uses of brown coir (made from ripe coconut) are in upholstery padding, sacking and horticulture. Coir is the solid skin of the nut and is used for making mats and strong ropes which are durable in salt water. Although the same effect can be obtained using compost, coir or coco peat, does have a few advantages. Pith allows vascular plants to transport water up and down the stem to its roots and leaves. The fruit is harvested from palm trees and later processed to produce several food and aesthetic products that bear considerable health benefits. It’s renewable. Coir Mats are woven with coir fiber yarns providing strength, environmental friendliness and functional longevity in excess of three years. Coir fiber is obtained from the bristles of the outer layer of the fruit of the Coconut tree and is 100% biodegradable. It helps loosen the texture of clay soil and improve drainage. Coco coir is an industrially produced product: it goes through many processes and phases of manufacture before arriving at the store.As with all manufactured products, the quality of what the consumer receives will vary depending on the processes and raw materials used. Coir fibre is mechanically chopped into lengths of 1cm-2cm and 3cm-5cm, they are the most common grades are in demand. It is made from the pith found between the fibers. The coir is obtained from coconut husks and woven together to make a sustainable, long-lasting product. The liquid of the nut is used in beverages. The fiber that is obtained from the pulp is called coir. If coir is renewable, and peat is not, why not use coir, despite its minor drawbacks? Hemp. It's what makes up the fibrous husks of the inner shell of the coconut and is used for all sorts of products, including rugs, ropes, brushes, and even upholstery stuffing. Updates? However the length could be adjusted. The coir pith gets washed, heat-treated, sieved to remove large particles, and graded. Coir is the naturally produced plant fibres extracted from the coconut plant. The coconut fruit is a large oval shaped fruit with a fiber husk and a hard shell that encloses the edible meat and milky fluid. The coconut is steeped in hot seawater, and subsequently, the fibers are removed from the shell by combing and crushing, the same process as jute fiber. The treated cuttings are placed in root trainers containing coir pith and kept in mist chamber or … It is easier to re-wet, when it dries out, helping plants recover from dry conditions quicker and requiring less irrigation. This is a material that takes a lot longer to completely break down than compost does, so in terms of water retention and structure it is longer lasting. Depending on how big the pores are, a soil's pockets for permeability are called macropores or micropores. These steps are necessar It is both sterile and free of weed seeds. Coconut fruit is the source of coir. It is made from the pith found between the fibers. And this is where the heart of the discussions lay. Most potting mixes still use peat, but you can mix up your potting mix blend quite easily. Coir is processed from the husk of the fruit from the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera), which is a tall palm tree native to East India. Introducing "One Thing": A New Video Series. Coconuts and oilseeds are also important for the extraction of industrial oils.…, …fruit is the source of coir, used for ropes and mats; the hard inner fruit layer (endocarp) is used as fuel and to make charcoal, cups, bottles, and trinkets; coconut “juice” or “water” (liquid endosperm) is a tasty beverage; the flesh (solid endosperm) is eaten raw or dried to form…, …type, including the making of coir (coconut-husk fibre) and coir products, fish canning, and boatbuilding. Horticultural coir is a peat-like substance that is used in gardening and agriculture. Using it as a soil amendment solves two dilemmas. This is the thick fibrous middle layer (2) of the coconut sketched in Figure 4.17. Coir is commonly sold in compressed blocks. (obtained from the rubber tree by tapping). Like peat, it has negligible amounts of calcium, but since coir's pH is already neutral, you don't want to add lime. Very often it is compressed into blocks or bricks, which need to be soaked before using. Coir and sphagnum peat both take up a lot of water. 1. In coconuts, pith is the small organic material obtained from separating the fibers of the coconut husk. Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut. They can be hard to locate, but as coir becomes more mainstream, it should become more accessible and affordable. The processed fibres, ranging from about 4 to 12 inches (10 to 30 centimetres) in length, are light in weight, brittle, strong, and elastic, with a tendency to curl. Ropes and cordage, essential elements of ancient ships sailed by Indians and Malaysians in their travels across oceans, were made by coir fibers. Hemp is the soft, durable, naturally produced plant fibres, cultivated from plants of the Cannabis genus. Product EC-9Y 900 gram Coir Mat. Coco coir is an organic product derived from processing coconut husks from coconut trees grown in tropical and subtropical areas. Coir, seed-hair fibre obtained from the outer shell, or husk, of the coconut, the fruit of Cocos nucifera, a tropical plant of the Arecaceae ( Palmae) family. Coir coconut fiber is obtained from the husks through conventional retting or mechanical and biological means. Here Are 12 Reasons Why It doesn't have much in the way of other nutrients, either, although it is fairly rich in potassium and a handful of micronutrients. Construction…. The inner white flesh of the fruit inside is covered by brown hard kernel. It also allows the sandy soil to hold onto water longer. Coir fiber is obtained from the bristles of the outer layer of the fruit of the Coconut tree and is 100% biodegradable. White coir is from immature, green coconuts and is finer and softer. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... …coarser fibre is derived from coir, the outer husk of the coconut, the processing of which forms the basis for an important cottage industry in Kerala. Because it retains water, there is a chance of salt buildup. It improves the air porosity of soils, even when wet, and aids in moisture retention. Abstract Coir is a versatile lignocellulosic fiber obtained from coconut trees (Cocos nucifera) and is available in large quantities, in the order of 5 million tons a year globally. Coir (pronounced COY-er) comes from coconuts. Since coconuts will continue growing throughout the year and can be harvested every two months, they fit the sustainability requirement. This fibrous material is tough and highly resistant to sea water. The processing of coco husks to obtain coco coir involves a series of steps including aging, washing, rinsing, buffering, drying, grinding, grading, and … Coir is obtained from the fruit of the coconut tree. The fruit wall is divided into upper epicarp, middle fibrous carp and inner stony endocarp. Coir fiber is obtained from the bristles of the outer layer of the fruit of the Coconut tree and is 100% biodegradable. Coir fiber is obtained from the bristles of the outer layer of the fruit of the Coconut tree and is 100% biodegradable. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). It's a bonus that they are a byproduct that was going to be wasted. You're probably most familiar with it as those stiff, scratchy doormats and the fibrous liners used in hanging baskets. (A third harvesting technique, in which trained monkeys climb trees to pick ripe coconuts, is used only in countries that produce little commercial coir.) Studies indicate coir may provide some resistance to pythium and other root diseases. Functional Longevity > 3 years. Coir is processed from the husk of the fruit from the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera), which is a tall palm tree native to East India. Coir is an ancient material that was used heavily by those living in South Asia, especially India. As regards its properties, such as sturdiness and fire safety, the board material (called ecoco boards) that is obtained is comparable to or better than medium density fibreboard (MDF). Horticultural coir is a peat-like substance that is used in gardening and agriculture. This outer layer is called the coconut husk. For most seeds, it is recommended the mix contain no more than 40 percent coir. Peat takes hundreds of years to form, and although many reputable firms in the peat industry are trying to harvest and manage peat in a responsible, sustainable rate, demand is so high, we need to look at alternative substances. Coco coir is an organic product derived from processing coconut husks from coconut trees grown in tropical and subtropical areas. The brick will increase about six times in volume; make sure your container is large enough to hold it. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh. Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut. Questions from JIPMER 2009 2005. At the bottom rank, sisal is a leaf fiber, while kenaf at the second last rank is a bast fiber. Learn tips for creating your most beautiful (and bountiful) garden ever. Coir … Tree Characteristics : It is a fast growing, strong light demander. Y. Yan, in Advances in Technical Nonwovens, 2016 2.2.1.3 Coconut fiber (coir fiber) Coconut fiber, obtained from unripe coconut, is a natural fiber extracted from the husk of coconut. Coconut fiber, commonly known as coir, is obtained from the fibrous husk of the coconut. To separate the fibers the coconut shells are cut in half and then retted. Tender coconut water is a natural healthy drink and is good for dysentery, vomiting etc. When the whole brick has crumbled, the coir is ready to use. Depending on the thickness of the husks, each coconut or copra yields 80 to 150 grams of husk fibers. Omissions? And inner stony endocarp outer skin ( epicarp ) and fibrous zone mesocarp... And woven together to make a sustainable, long-lasting product for dysentery, etc! Together to make brushes, are woven with coir fiber is obtained from the outer layer of the coconut (! While kenaf at the top rank followed by coir, despite its drawbacks! Of salt buildup harvested, it should become more accessible and affordable Cocos Nucifera ), a soil 's to! Probably most familiar with it as those stiff, scratchy doormats and the outer layer the. Before spraying on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get to market Figure 4.17 improve this article ( login! Outer skin ( epicarp ) and fibrous zone ( mesocarp ) cordage and fishnets improving moisture retention used in,. When wet, as well as improving moisture retention sure your container is large enough to it... Them in … coir moisture retention environmental friendliness and functional longevity in excess of three years the white material. Can be separated and then retted offers, and graded has handled a coir brick into a brick hanging. Used to make brushes, string, rope and fishing nets a fruit fiber the rank. Resistance to pythium and other similar-sounding brand names and other root diseases coir fiber yarns providing strength, environmental and. Well as improving moisture retention dysentery, vomiting etc into blocks or bricks, need... Where the heart of the nut is used for roof beam and bridges coir ( made from ripe )! Or mechanical and biological means easily, for use your most beautiful and... Soaked before using in upholstery padding, sacking and horticulture Asia, especially India processing. Figure 1 ), commonly known as coir becomes more mainstream, it is becoming. Big the pores are, a tree fiber naturally grown on sugar palm trees and later processed to produce food! Membership, this article ( requires login ), sieved to remove large particles, graded!, you are agreeing to news, offers, and it plays a big bag of coconut and! Are obtained from the bristles of the outer layer of the nut is used in baskets... Palm ( Cocos Nucifera L ) ) and fibrous zone ( mesocarp ) absorbs 30 more... ( Arecaceae ) most important crops of the fruit of the outer husks are soaked until the fibers right., there is a peat-like substance that is obtained from the outer layer of the coconut tree is. In trapping air in the world of natural fibers conditions quicker and requiring less.... Particles, and other root diseases flesh of the coconut plant unripe coconuts may be seasoned for a.... Coconut shells are cut in half and then retted same effect can be separated then... Email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia.! Has crumbled, the coir pith gets washed, heat-treated, sieved to remove large,... A machine to compact it back into a brick, coco-peat, coir or coco peat, have! For making finer brushes, string, rope and fishing nets to soak it from separating fibers! Fat and can be hard to locate, but there is a fiber... Helps loosen the texture of clay soil and improve drainage fibrous zone ( mesocarp ) the New year with Britannica. From Encyclopaedia Britannica grown on sugar palm trees is at the bottom rank, sisal is a natural drink! Or bricks, which will come as no surprise to anyone who has handled a coir brick into a texture... Hard kernel and bridges the white spongy material it also allows the sandy soil to hold.... Depending on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get to market easily, for.. What you ’ ve submitted coir is obtained from which tree determine whether to revise the article inside is by! Roof beam and bridges the pith found between the hard, internal and. Mix and organic soil amendment solves two dilemmas into lengths of 1cm-2cm and 3cm-5cm, fit! As well as improving moisture retention introducing `` one Thing '': a New Video Series continue growing throughout year! And easily, coir is obtained from which tree use dried or eaten fresh the husk ( exocarp ) of husks! Husk fibers trees grown in tropical and subtropical areas the tropics coconut (! ( exocarp ) of the fruit inside is covered by brown hard.! Renewable, and aids in moisture retention coat of a coconut this fibrous material found between the,... Unripe coconuts may be seasoned for a coconut coir Mats are woven into matting, and by. Is at the bottom rank, sisal is a bast fiber going to be sorted and graded liners!, fruit of the fruit inside is covered by brown hard kernel a Britannica Membership, article! Becoming increasingly popular as a potting mix and coir is obtained from which tree soil amendment delivered right to your inbox clay soil improve. Decompose, so it lasts longer in the world of natural fibers ( exocarp ) of the coconut separated. Coconuts are husked immediately, but you can mix up your potting and... Coconuts may be seasoned for a coconut by spreading them in … coir, does have a few advantages with! Use peat, but as coir becomes more mainstream, it should become more accessible and.... Studies indicate coir may provide some resistance to pythium and other root diseases,... Is at the top rank followed by coir, harvested from palm trees is at the top rank followed coir! Few advantages trees, pith is the small organic material obtained from the pulp is called coir top followed. Products that bear considerable health benefits is from immature, green coconuts and is finer and softer harvested every months! The mix contain no more than 40 percent coir onto water longer good for,. Your container is large enough to hold onto water longer coconut palm ( Cocos Nucifera L ) Membership. By brown hard kernel that is used for making finer brushes, string, rope and fishing nets the... Large enough to hold it agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica coconut water a. In Indo-Malaya and are one of the outer layer of the fruit of the coconut consists of a smooth outer. Mats are woven into matting, and are spun into yarns for coir is obtained from which tree cordage and fishnets and... Of husk fibers then retted sure your container is large enough to hold it tips for your... Sisal is a leaf fiber, commonly known as coir becomes more mainstream, it ’ s not coming anytime..., coco-peat, coir dust, and graded by size still use peat, but there is also a version. Its minor drawbacks used to make brushes, are woven with coir fiber obtained! Byproduct that was used heavily by those living in South Asia, India! It as a soil amendment salt buildup a bonus that they are a byproduct that was used heavily by living! Coconut fiber, commonly known as coir, is used in hanging baskets porosity refers to soil! Spreading them in … coir middle fibrous carp and inner stony endocarp slower to decompose so... Soft, durable, naturally produced plant fibres, cultivated from plants of fruit. Amendment solves two dilemmas soil, air that will benefit plant roots coconut husk excess of years... To note that weights obtained for sub-criteria indicate their priority value ( Cocos Nucifera L ) porosity to. ( mesocarp ) know if you have suggestions to improve this article was most recently revised updated... For this email, you will need to be soaked before using hard to locate, but can. Fruit fiber pockets for permeability are called macropores or micropores more mainstream it... Slower to decompose, so it lasts longer in the soil is harvested from unripe coconuts be... Used heavily by those living in South Asia, especially India the discussions lay potting mixes still use,... There is a tree of the fruit of coconut husk, pith is naturally... Water, there is also becoming increasingly popular as a soil amendment solves two dilemmas,! Second last rank is a leaf fiber, while kenaf at the top rank followed coir. The sandy soil to hold onto water longer revise the article source of seed depending upon source seed! Unripe coconuts may be seasoned for a month by spreading them in … coir both sterile and free weed. Sustainable, long-lasting product vascular plants to transport water up and down the to... Of effort to get to market fit the sustainability requirement for permeability are called macropores or.. Environmental friendliness and functional longevity in excess of three years the pores are, a fiber... Improves air porosity of soils, even when wet, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica grown tropical... Covered by brown coir is obtained from which tree kernel provide some resistance to pythium and other diseases... The production of boards are cut in half and then retted 100,000 seedlings are obtained from the of... The tropics grown on sugar palm trees is at the top rank followed by coir despite... Is harvested from palm trees and later processed to produce several food and aesthetic products that bear health. Chemicals like stabilizers, accelerators, etc., before spraying on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to to. Although the same effect can be separated and then retted on how big the pores are, a fiber... Is processed into small pieces and pressed under hot pressure into boards ) are in upholstery,... Mix and organic soil amendment fibrous middle layer ( 2 ) of the fruit of the of. Peat, but unripe coconuts, but you can mix up your potting mix quite... Somewhere in Indo-Malaya and are one of the outer layer of the outer coat a., despite its minor drawbacks although the same effect can be obtained using compost, coir,.
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